In 1877, C.F.Brush and W.H.Lawrence of Cleveland, USA, selected calcined petroleum coke to develop low-ash carbon electrodes and achieved success. In 1899, O.G. Pritchard (O.G. Pritchard) first reported the use of Ceylon natural graphite as a material to make natural graphite electrodes. In 1896, H.Y.Gastner (H.Y.Gastner) obtained the patent right to use electricity to directly energize carbon electrodes to heat to high temperatures, and produce artificial graphite electrodes that have better functions than natural graphite electrodes. In 1897, EGAcheson of the American Carborundum Co. produced the first batch of artificial graphite electrodes made of petroleum coke in a resistance furnace that produced emery. The product standard is 22mm×32mmX380mm. Graphite electrodes were used to produce caustic soda in the electrochemical industry at that time. The "Acheson" graphitization furnace designed on this basis will consist of a carbon electrode produced from petroleum coke and a small amount of resistance material (metallurgical coke particles) to form a "furnace core resistance". After the high temperature is generated, the carbon electrode made of petroleum coke is "graphitized" at a high temperature to obtain an artificial graphite electrode. At the end of the 19th century, Frenchman P.L.T.Heroult invented the direct electric arc furnace, which was initially used to train the production of calcium carbide and ferroalloys. It was used for steelmaking in early 1899. The electric arc furnace required a certain number of high-temperature conductive electrodes. Although Acheson Graphite Co. sold connectable electrodes around 1900, only small standard graphite electrodes could be produced at this time. In the early 20th century, electric furnace steelmaking mainly used carbon electrodes or anthracite as the material. Natural graphite electrode made of natural graphite. The process of producing carbon electrodes or natural graphite electrodes is relatively simple. In 1910, carbon electrodes with a diameter of 610 mm were supplied to the market. However, due to the excellent functions of graphite electrodes and the continuous improvement of the manufacturing process, the mass production and prices of large standard graphite electrodes have continued to decline. The electric furnace steelmaking industry has gradually switched to graphite electrodes, and the use of carbon electrodes or natural graphite electrodes has gradually decreased. Graphite electrodes ( graphite electrode) A high-temperature-resistant graphite conductive material made of petroleum coke and pitch coke as granular materials and coal tar pitch as a binder through kneading, shaping, roasting, graphitization and mechanical processing. Graphite electrode is an important high-temperature conductive material for electric furnace steelmaking. The graphite electrode is used to input electrical energy into the electric furnace. The high temperature generated by the arc generated between the electrode point and the charge is used as the heat source to melt the charge for steelmaking. Other electrical training or electrolysis equipment Graphite electrodes are often used as conductive materials. The world consumed about 1 million tons of graphite electrodes in 2000, and my country consumed about 250,000 tons of graphite electrodes in 2000. The excellent physical and chemical functions of graphite electrodes are also widely used in other industrial sectors. The carbon product industry, which produces graphite electrodes as the primary type, has become an important part of the raw material industry in this world. As early as 1810, Humphry Davy used charcoal to make a carbon electrode that can generate an electric arc after being energized, opening up the broad prospect of using carbon material as a high-temperature conductive electrode. In 1846, Stair and Edwards mixed coke powder and sucrose and pressed it into shape, then baked at high temperature to make another kind of carbon electrode, and then immersed this kind of carbon electrode in concentrated sugar water to advance its bulk density. They obtained Granted the patent right to produce this electrode.